Smart homes add comfort and convenience, but they also create new entry points for attackers when security is an afterthought.

Protecting connected devices is less about a single perfect fix and more about layering practical defenses across your network, accounts, and habits. These steps help keep your smart home private, reliable, and resilient.

Start with the router: the router is the gateway to every connected device. Change default admin credentials, disable remote administration, and enable the strongest wireless encryption your gear supports (WPA3 when available). Create a separate guest network or VLAN for IoT devices so smart bulbs, cameras, and appliances can’t access laptops or phones directly. Limit device-to-device communication on that segment unless explicitly needed.

Keep firmware and apps updated. Device makers release patches to fix vulnerabilities; automatic updates reduce risk by applying them promptly.

If a vendor’s devices no longer receive updates, consider replacing them—continued support is a critical security factor when choosing new devices.

Use strong, unique passwords and two-factor authentication (2FA). Many smart device accounts are web-based, and password reuse increases exposure if any one service is breached. A password manager makes unique credentials manageable. Enable 2FA for associated cloud accounts, especially for cameras, door locks, and thermostat access.

Harden device settings and minimize data exposure. Disable unnecessary features like Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) and remote access options you don’t use. Review privacy settings in companion apps—turn off voice history retention, fine-grained location sharing, or always-on camera recording unless you truly need them. For devices with microphones or cameras, use physical blockers when the sensor isn’t in use.

Segment and monitor network traffic. A simple network monitoring tool or router with traffic logging can spot unusual behavior, such as a camera repeatedly contacting unfamiliar IP addresses. Some advanced routers and security services offer IoT device profiling and alerting to flag anomalies. Set up alerts for new devices joining the network so unauthorized gadgets don’t go unnoticed.

Protect cloud accounts and integrations.

Smart home ecosystems often rely on cloud services and third-party integrations. Regularly audit connected services and revoke access for apps you no longer use.

When possible, prioritize local control options or hubs that minimize cloud dependence so devices keep working and stay private even if external services are interrupted.

Secure physical access and recovery plans. Keep administrative information in a secure place and know how to factory-reset devices if they’re compromised. For critical systems like smart locks, ensure there’s a secure manual override and periodically test backup procedures.

Choose devices wisely. Look for manufacturers that publish clear security practices: automatic updates, transparent privacy policies, and a reasonable end-of-support timeline. Community and expert reviews can reveal how well a product holds up in real-world use.

Small habits make a big difference. Regularly review your device inventory, rotate passwords, and disable features you don’t use. Combining network controls, strong account hygiene, and thoughtful device selection creates a layered defense that keeps your smart home convenient and secure without sacrificing privacy or peace of mind.